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Incident at Indian Point
by Vicki Cooper
The threat of UFOs compromising reactor security, as
if the nuclear industry didn't have enough to deal with
already, became a very real concern in 1984. Although of-
ficials won't admit it, several researchers have information That
New York 's Indian Point Reactor complex endured such
a UFO problem during the long siege of sightings that
happened throughout the state's Hudson Valley area.
The portrayal of the event in this article is based primarily on
the disclosures of unnamed sources.
The summer of 1984 was a troublesome season for
authorities at the Indian Point nuclear reactor complex in
Buchanan, New York. Two UFO appearances, one of which was verified
by Carl Patrick, director of nuclear information for the New York
Power Authority (NYPA), and later documented by the press and the
1987 book Night Siege, apparently put the normally tight security
of the plant to a severe test. The first event entailed the brief
flyover of a huge craft, witnessed by three security policemen on
June 14. That was followed ten days later by a UFO incident of
unprecedented impact. It was one of hundreds of UFO sightings in
the Hudson Valley, but one the nuclear workers won't soon forget.
"Here comes that UFO again! " an Indian Point security guard is
said to have yelled on the night of July 24, 1984, alerting other
security personnel by way of the plant's internal
communications system. A UFO, variously described as looking like
"an ice cream cone " and "boomerang, " had lazily drifted over
to Reactor #3-the only active reactor at the time-lingering about
300 feet above the domed construction for some ten minutes, sending
security officials into an uproar. Now, six years later, the
principal UFO researcher on the case admits that many aspects of
the event remain confusing and undisclosed. And although he's still
receiving information, Philip Imbrogno calls his own lengthy
investigation "stagnant."
"Every time new information comes up or I get a lead on
something, I get very reluctant to deal with it again," said
Imbrogno, who heads the science department at the Windward School
in White Plains, New York. "The entire case has caused me quite a
bit of pressure . . . The event would indicate that whatever
appeared over there, our state-of-the-art technology in defense was
unable to deal with it. " He suggests that from what his sources
have said, a military aspect came into play. The Indian Point UFO
represented an intolerable security breach.
Military customers?
Imbrogno says that it is precisely that aspect which has had a
lasting effect, and which has generated repercussions that continue
to this day. But according to the New York Power Authority, which
oversees the reactor complex, Indian Point itself has no direct
military customers. Reactor #3 primarily services local and state
facilities in New York City and Westchester County, including local
school districts, the New York City subway systems and some of New
York's trains. Most importantly, in Imbrogno's mind, are several
military installations in and around Duchess County, which
allegedly get their power from Indian Point. According to his
sources, these are primarily satellite receiving stations, and "a
number of other military operations of which we can only guess, "
Imbrogno says. The official agency overseeing the reactor complex
is the New York Power Authority, although Consolidated Edison has
jurisdiction over Reactor #2 and is sold use of #3 for extensive
transmissions to New York residential users and, perhaps, military
facilities such as Camp Smith, an Air National Guard base located
north of Peekskill. (Reactor #l is inactive.)
It was NYPA whose officials apparently spent considerable human
energy trying to dissuade Imbrogno from writing about the July 24
event, concerned he would release information vital to the plant's
security. "I think other agencies were using (the NYPA) to harass
me, " he said, noting that he was constantly subjected to their
repetitive phone calls, threatening that he would be forced to
appear at a hearing on the incident. (He was never subpoenaed, but
Imbrogno subsequently, and perhaps coincidentally, was audited by
the IRS four times.)
The compulsion to publish was undeniable; of what may have been
as many as 70 UFO witnesses among Indian Point personnel, a number
quietly sought out Imbrogno, and on the condition of anonymity
provided him with the vital facts which led to the production of
Night Siege (co-written with Bob Pratt and J. Allen Hynek.) "My
sources involve people who work in security for the plant and also
people in secretarial and janitorial positions," he said.
Cont. with next message
--- ZMailQ 1.10 @9:1012/3.0
* Origin: ParaNet Alpha Delta The Data Base (9:1012/3)
Message #5559 - ASK_UFO
Date : 21-Apr-91 0:04
From : Don Ecker
To : All
Subject : Incident Pt. II
This file was provided to the ParaNet Information Service by
UFO Magazine. All rights are reserved. You may distribute this file
freely as long as this header remains intact.
Date prepared: 4/20/91
Contributed by: Staff UFO Magazine
=================================================================
Incident at Indian Point Part II
by Vicki Cooper
"The only problem is that getting anything on paper-
documentation, something official-is very, very hard, I have
unofficial confirmation right now that a number of documents
pertaining to the sighting do exist at the Nuclear Regulatory
Commission. " Normally, NRC records can be opened to the public
under terms of the Freedom of Information Act, but when he in-
quired, Imbrogno was informed that the documents were being held at
the reactor complex, and as such were protected under national
security regulations. "It's a joint sort of thing, " he said, "In
other words, although the NRC is pretty open to the public, if they
want to keep a document classified, they'll store it with another
agency. I have an inside secretarial source who's actually seen the
documents filed." The NYPA's Patrick denies that any such
documentation exists, and dismisses the incident by claiming that
all Hudson Valley UFO sightings were later identified as light
aircraft, There was no videotape taken by on-site surveillance
cameras, Patrick insists, or audio recording of oral
communications, both pieces of evidence which Imbrogno strongly
feels do exist and are being retained somewhere. According to
Imbrogno's sources, a security shake-up ensued the very next day.
"A number of agencies came in, including the NRC and military
personnel, and they supposedly cleaned out everything. You have to
remember that with nuclear reactors, you're only going to get 10
percent of the real story. They're overly terrified of bad
publicity, and are really afraid of the anti-nuclear groups, which
can cause trouble. Anything that happens is immediately covered up,
including UFO sightings. "
An 'irregularity'
Imbrogno further alleges that shortly after the UFO infringement,
a crack in the reactor's casing was discovered. The public didn't
hear about such a situation until a year later; the NYPA's Patrick
denied any "crack, " although he did recall a time when Reactor #2
may have developed an "irregularity. " Imbrogno says, "[Indian
Point officials] made a public statement that operations were not
affected, that everything was normal. But I've been told by several
people that they lost power, the security system dropped, and the
reactor controls went crazy. Apparently it was caused by the UFO."
No way, says the NYPA. "Any implication that the sightings of
these [light aircraft] in any way affected Reactor #3 is false",
Patrick said. Imbrogno's sources indicate otherwise. Supposedly, a
mass of sophisticated, high-accuracy tracking equipment was
installed at the complex, enabling security to quickly generate a
computer image of whatever aircraft might be affecting the
equipment. Apparently such problems are still going on. Patrick
would not comment on what kinds of security equipment protect
Indian Point, but stressed that nothing new has been installed
since the incident.
Imbrogno is also suspicious that the armed security forces at the
site may have had reason to attempt firing on the craft, again an
allegation flatly refuted by the NYPA. "I know a number of
helicopters with rocket launchers were sent up and followed the
craft for some distance," Imbrogno commented, citing his anonymous
sources for the info. "When these helicopters went on their way,
the object moved off and started crossing the Hudson, and
disappeared up north."
Officials will not talk to Imbrogno, nor answer his letters, he
says. UFO spoke with Cliff Spieler, vice president at the New York
Power Authority. He, like Patrick, basically dismisses the entire
affair. "Having looked into this thing and living two miles from
Indian Point, think the UFO reports are nonsense, " he said. "[All
Hudson Valley UFO sightings] are linked to small planes flying out
of Duchess County."
At one time, officials speaking for Indian Point made their
position quite clear to Imbrogno, "They said, 'you can cooperate
with us, or you don't have to cooperate with us. If you don't
cooperate with us, you have to face the consequences, because you
are dealing in an area of national security. The incident that took
place over there involved national security because it was a breach
of security at a nuclear reactor.' But they weren't ready to say
who was breaching security!" In considering the "who," Imbrogno
took in a number of hypotheses, including the possibility that the
incident was an elaborate test flight of a secret military craft,
such as the B-2 Stealth bomber, or a covertly-planned contingency
test of the plant's security operations, carried out under the
guise of a UFO overflight.
Nothing is impossible, he'll admit. But the most tenable answer,
he feels, is that the UFO was an extraterrestrial craft. "I don't
think our government could be so bold with a craft of the kind that
appeared at Indian Point," he said. "Talking to these security
people, and looking into their eyes," his voice trailed, " . .
. they tell a story of this one cop who got up on the roof below
the UFO, and the thing started moving a little bit. He pulled out
his gun, looked at it, then put the gun back in his holster and
ducked! . . . The people who were telling these stories are not
familiar with the UFO literature. If I really wanted to go into
this, with no fear of what would happen to me, I'm sure there's an
incredible story here. I am still being given
information about certain things going on there-In the nighttime,
people seeing little creatures coming through the walls of the
casing on the reactor, and military personnel indicating 'we're
aware of these creatures and we don't care if they're from outer
space-shoot 'em!' . . . On a newscast on Channel 7 in New York,
they were interviewing one guy, and he said, 'I saw it going over
the reactor! I think they're sucking the power from it! That's what
they're doing!' But a civilization that has this type of vehicle-
any intelligence, whatever it is-I'm sure doesn't need nuclear
energy."
Ed. Note: In a letter to UFO shortly after this article was
written, Imbrogno added to his remarks. "It is hard to believe
that people like John Lear and Bill Cooper are revealing 'top
secret' information with little or no repercussions. I just poked
my nose a little too deep into an area of national security and got
my ears pinned back for it. My next step is to approach this in a
legal way by asking for an investigation (preferably by a member of
Congress) to find out how and why the security at this
government reactor was violated and why information is being
withheld."
End of file.
--- ZMailQ 1.10 @9:1012/3.0
* Origin: ParaNet Alpha Delta The Data Base (9:1012/3)
Message #5560 - ASK_UFO
Date : 21-Apr-91 0:45
From : Don Ecker
To : All
Subject : Incident Indian Point
As an addendum to the previous file "Incident at Indian Point", this was taken
from UFO Magazine, Vol. 5 No. 3, ATOMIC PERSPECTIVES.
Thank you.
Don
-* Origin: ParaNet Alpha Delta The Data Base (9:1012/3)
--EOF--
--
-* Don Allen *- InterNet: dona@bilver.UUCP // Amiga..for the rest of us.
USnail: 1818G Landing Dr, Sanford Fl 32771 \X/ Why use anything else? :^)
UUCP: ..uunet!tarpit!bilver!vicstoy!dona 0110 0110 0110 Just say NO!
Illuminati < MJ-12|Grudge|TLC|CFR|FED|EEC|Bush > WAR = "New World Order"
Article 4385 of alt.conspiracy:
Path: lassie!voder!apple!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!sdd.hp.com!mips!pacbell.com!att!att!fang!tarpit!bilver!dona
From: dona@bilver.uucp (Don Allen)
Newsgroups: alt.alien.visitors,alt.conspiracy,misc.misc
Subject: INFO: HARVEST - ANIMAL MUTILATION UPDATE -Linda Moulton Howe
Keywords: Followups to alt.alien.visitors
Message-ID: <1991Apr29.203547.14042@bilver.uucp>
Date: 29 Apr 91 20:35:47 GMT
Organization: W. J. Vermillion - Winter Park, FL
Lines: 246
Xref: lassie alt.conspiracy:4385 misc.misc:9565
Here's some more current info on the Animal Mutes taken from the
ParaNet UFO echo.
------Begin Included Text ---------------------------------------
Message #2774 - ASK_UFO
Date : 18-Apr-91 13:02
From : Don Ecker
To : All
Subject : The `HARVEST' Continues
This file was provided to the ParaNet Information Service by
UFO Magazine. All rights are reserved. You may distribute this file
freely as long as this header remains intact.
Date prepared: 4/18/91
Contributed by: Staff UFO Magazine
=================================================================
UFO Magazine Vol. 5 No. 4 ( Coping With Abduction )
The `Harvest' Continues
ANIMAL MUTILATION UPDATE
by Linda Moulton Howe
In 1989, there were so many cattle mutilations in southern Idaho
that Bear Lake County Sheriff Brent Bunn told me, "We haven't seen
anything like this since the 1970s." Sheriff Bunn sent me 16
neatly-typed "Investigation Reports" about cattle mutilations that
had taken place in his county between May and December. Over half
occurred in a remote valley called Nounan. Only eighty people live
there. Ranching is their main income source, and cattle are
precious. Disease and predators are old and well-understood
enemies.
What descended on Nounan, Idaho in the summer and fall of 1989
was not understood-and it scared people. Bloodless and precise
cuts-that's what bothers people. Officer Gregg Athay wrote in his
mutilation report, "There were no visible signs of the cause of
death. It appeared that only the soft tissues (nose, lips and
tongue) were gone off the head and four nipples off the bag. Again
there was no blood on the hair and ground."
No veterinarian report was made on that cow. But a month earlier,
Dr. Charles Merrell at the Bear Lake Animal Hospital examined a
dead Hereford cow. Dr. Merrell wrote after his examination: "Some
time between approximately 8 p.m. (August 31, 1989) and 7 a.m. 1
September, the anus, vagina to include uterus and ovaries and all
four teats (one teat deeply incised, the others shallow cuts) were
removed by knife cuts around these tissues. There were no signs of
injury and no blood to be found on the ground. " A neighbor,
Bernice Laughter, said she saw lights in that area about 2 a.m. on
September 1.
Disks reported
Throughout the history of animal mutilations, since 1967, there
have been numerous eyewitness accounts of large, glowing disks or
"silent helicopters " over pastures where dead animals are later
found. One Waco, Texas rancher said he encountered two four-foot
tall, light green-colored "creatures " with large, black, slanted
eyes, carrying a calf which was later found dead and mutilated. In
1983, a Missouri couple watched through binoculars as two small
beings in tight-fitting silver suits worked on a cow in a nearby
pasture. The alien heads were large and white in color. Nearby, a
tall, green-skinned "lizard man" stood glaring with eyes slit by
vertical pupils like a crocodiles's. Several hypnosis sessions with
various UFO abductees have produced information suggesting that the
alien intruders are using the tissues and blood fluids for genetic
experimentation and sustenance.
One Missouri woman, who has experienced repeated encounters with
small grey beings that have large, black eyes, sid the creatures
told her, "We use substances from cows in an essential biochemical
process for our survival." In the 1989 continuing harvest, over
half of the Idaho mutilations were young calves. One mutilated
calf, found December 24, north of Downey, Idaho, was found lying on
its back with the navel, rectum and genitals neatly cut out of the
steer's white belly. No blood was found anywhere. (See photo, p.
18.) This steer calf was taken for an autopsy to Dr. Chris Oats,
D.V.M., at the Hawthorne Animal Hospital. Dr. Oats checked all the
vital organs and was unable to determine the cause of death. During
the autopsy, a sharp cut was found in the right chest area, and Dr.
Oats discovered that a main artery had been severed under the chest
wound.
She was surprised that "the steer had lost a large amount of
blood, but [she] could not understand where it went to. " There was
no blood on the steer or on the ground. Dr. Oats also determined
that the steer had not been dragged by the neck or tied up around
the feet.
Residents of southern Idaho weren't alone in their fear and con-
fusion about the mutilations. William Veenhuizen woke up on July
17,
1989 to find his finest cow mutilated about 100 yards from his
farmhouse in Maple Valley, Washington, southeast of Seattle. The
six-year-old female was due to calve in about three weeks. But
mutilators had cut away a smooth oval section of the cow's mouth,
removed a section of jaw with teeth, excised the tongue and cut out
the entire udder, vagina and rectal area. The calf was still inside
the belly.
Something woke Mr. Veenhuizen up around I a.m. that day, he
remembers. He even put his shoes on and went outside, but he
couldn't see or hear anything out of the ordinary. He was so upset
after the mutilation, he started keeping the rest of his animals
inside the barn. "A neighbor said to me that coyotes did it," he
said, "but I said the coyotes don't have that sharp a knife."
Other farms hit
Bill Veenhuizen wasn't the only farmer in Maple Valley,
Washington having mutilation problems. On Sunday, November 11, two
female sheep were found with their sexual organs removed. The
Hicks-Raburn King County Police found small holes on the carcasses
that they concluded might be BB gun pellet wounds, but no pellets
were found.
Cont. next file.
--- ZMailQ 1.10 @9:1012/3.0
* Origin: ParaNet Alpha Delta The Data Base (9:1012/3)
Message #2775 - ASK_UFO
Date : 18-Apr-91 13:04
From : Don Ecker
To : All
Subject : `HARVEST' Part II
This file was provided to the ParaNet Information Service by
UFO Magazine. All rights are reserved. You may distribute this file
freely as long as this header remains intact.
Date prepared: 4/18/91
Contributed by: Staff UFO Magazine
=================================================================
UFO Magazine Vol. 5. No. 4. ( Coping with Abduction )
-cont. from last message_
Mystery technology
Another major question: Had the blood been drained from all those
animals without cutting them? If alien life forms are responsible,
and blood is a fluid they need for sustenance, do the aliens have
a technology which can transfer molecules of blood from within a
living system and leave mysteriously dead animals behind having no
cuts at all: The same question might apply to the hundreds of wild
horses which were found dead in Nevada in 1989.
In November, 1989, in Red Cloud, Nebraska, rancher Ron Bartels
found a large, 1,000 lb. Chianina cow dead and mutilated. The
Franklin County Sheriff Department investigated, and veterinarian
Carl Guthrie, D.V.M., was asked to do a necropsy. In his report, he
stated that a four-inch straight incision had been made over the
cervical trachea. Beyond that cut inside the animal, over eight
inches of trachea and esophagus had been surgically removed- "The
skin over the abdomen was removed in a clear, demarcated line-no
musculature disturbed," he noted. And the rectum and vagina were
cored out.
Predators discounted
Dr. Guthrie concluded: "There were definite signs of suspicious
acts to the body of this cow-the nature in which the skin was
severed and removed was not characteristic of a predator strike."
In addition to those cuts described by Dr. Guthrie, the neat
circular patch of skin removed around the cow's eye, along with the
eyeball, has been one of the hallmarks of animal mutilations since
the 1970s. Rancher Ron Bartels told me, ". . . after several days,
there had been no predation, and with the number of coyotes we now
have in this area, they completely strip a carcass very quickly."
But nothing touched the strangely cut cow. How are the cuts made:
In my book An Alien Harvest, published in 1989, I show for the
first time that tissue gathered from mutilator cuts in Arkansas on
March 11, 1989, revealed the following characteristics under
microscopic examination:
1) The line is pinpoint thin;
2) The line was subjected to high heat, probably 300 degrees
Fahrenheit or above, leaving a hard and darkened edge;
3) The cuts were made rapidly, probably in two minutes or less,
because there is no inflammatory cell destruction which typically
begins in a few minutes after any trauma to tissue
(See contrasting photomicrographs).
In addition to the 1989 mutilation reports in Idaho, Washington,
Nebraska and Arkansas, there have been other cases in Colorado,
Oklahoma, Missouri and Florida. Further, over 800 wild horses in
Nevada have died mysteriously, about 70 domestic cats have been
Found dead and bloodlessly mutilated in Tustin, California and 30
more cats in the East Bay of San Francisco. A city employee in
Setauket, Long Island, NY, has reported to me that about a dozen
raccoons, opossums, dogs and cats have been found in Percy Rayner
bloodlessly mutilated with cuts similar to cows. I have also
received calls about mutilations in Canada, but have no firm
photographs or reports.
After An Alien Harvest was released in June of 1989, I received
a letter from a security guard in Denver, Colorado. He described a
night in August when he was patrolling the grounds of a large
corporation west of the city. From his truck, he could see a large
circle of lights in the dark sky. The lights remained stationary
over a pasture a few hundred feet from the security guard. He was
afraid to report the unidentified flying objects, because UFOs
meant ridicule and he didn't want to lose his job. But he felt
guilty about not reporting it, because the next morning he watched
a farmer gather up a couple of dead and mutilated cows from the
pasture where the lights had hovered overhead. He asked me, "What
kind of technology are we talking about? I never took my eyes off
those lights. There was no beam, no sound, nothing. How did they do
it?"
That's a question which has haunted ranchers and law enforcement
since the first worldwide reported mutilation of a horse in 1967.
Not only how-but why? If alien life forms are intruding on this
planet and harvesting from animals and humans, is a program of
genetic experimentation and sustenance the answer? Or only part of
a larger alien need? Will the 1990s finally bring humans face to
face with an alien intelligence that has secretly used earth life
for eons? As we become more conscious of its presence, will we
learn that the alien intent is simply to survive without human
help? Or is there some larger and more complex alien scheme which
could challenge the future of human existence?
-Linda Moulton Howe-
End of file.
--- ZMailQ 1.10 @9:1012/3.0
* Origin: ParaNet Alpha Delta The Data Base (9:1012/3)
--EOF ---
--
-* Don Allen *- InterNet: dona@bilver.UUCP // Amiga..for the rest of us.
USnail: 1818G Landing Dr, Sanford Fl 32771 \X/ Why use anything else? :^)
UUCP: ..uunet!tarpit!bilver!vicstoy!dona 0110 0110 0110 Just say NO!
Illuminati < MJ-12|Grudge|TLC|CFR|FED|EEC|Bush > WAR = "New World Order"
Article 4386 of alt.conspiracy:
Path: lassie!voder!apple!usc!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu!linac!att!att!fang!tarpit!bilver!dona
From: dona@bilver.uucp (Don Allen)
Newsgroups: alt.alien.visitors,alt.conspiracy,misc.misc
Subject: INFO: CONFRONTATIONS/Book Review - Don Ecker on Jacques Vallee
Keywords: Followups to alt.alien.visitors
Message-ID: <1991Apr29.204147.14126@bilver.uucp>
Date: 29 Apr 91 20:41:47 GMT
Organization: W. J. Vermillion - Winter Park, FL
Lines: 237
Xref: lassie alt.conspiracy:4386 misc.misc:9566
Here's a book review that Don Ecker of UFO MAGAZINE did on
Jacques Vallee's book, CONFRONTATIONS. This came off the
ParaNet UFO echo.
-------Begin Included Text ----------------------------------
Message #2772 - ASK_UFO
Date : 18-Apr-91 9:42
From : Don Ecker
To : All
Subject : CONFRONTATIONS/Book Review
This file is provided to the ParaNet Information Service by
UFO Magazine. All rights are reserved. You may distribute this file
freely as long as this header remains intact.
Date prepared: 4/18/91
Contributed by: Staff UFO Magazine
=================================================================
UFO Magazine Vol. 5 No. 3 < Atomic Perspectives >
CONFRONTATIONS
A Scientist's Search for
Alien Contact
New York: Ballantine Books, 1990..
252 pp. $19.95
Almost a legendary figure, Jacques Vallee has done it once more
in the UFO field. Confrontations is, as Vallee said it on the
cover, "A scientist's search for alien contact. "
Known for his previous best selling works such as Anatomy of a
Phenomenon, Passport to Magonia and Dimensions, Vallee has written
a book that will not be well received by the "space-brother "
faction in UFOlogy. On the other hand, he is an equal opportunity
author; the nuts-and-bolts crowd will not like it either.
With Confrontations, Vallee continues to be controversial in the
mainstream UFO Field. In past best selling works such as Messengers
of Deception and Passport to Magonia, Vallee stirred the field with
his unorthodox approach, and the conclusions he alluded to if not
made outright. Having researched in previous works the folklore of
past generations, and delivering the more contemporary warnings of
cult manipulations and intelligence infiltration into the UFO
field, Vallee now explores the UFO riddle via painful and sometimes
lethal encounters.
This book is not to be confused with the wide-eyed wonder of
Spielberg's "Close Encounters of the Third Kind, " in which a
Vallee-like character was portrayed by French actor Francois
Truffaut. On the other hand, this is also not quite a
"War of the Worlds" scenario that would fit into so many
purveyors of misinformation. It falls into the middle, and while
not saying that all UFOs are bad, it does say that witnesses should
be damned careful!
Vallee manages to take the reader on a journey to never-never
land, in Central and South America. It is a journey worth
experiencing in print, as most of us will never make it
there in fact, and after assimilating what Vallee offers, I dare
say that we would not want to. Vallee's UFOs are not the comforting
symbols of the Billy Meier crowd, and they also fail the test of
the Leo Sprinkle or Budd Hopkins variety. Here is a brief sample:
"In most cases the witnesses reported rectangular objects
(sometimes compared to ice boxes) flying over the treetops and
shining a beam toward the earth. The chupas (UFOs) are said to
make a humming sound like a refrigerator or a transformer, and this
sound does not change when the object accelerates. The object does
not seem large enough to contain a human pilot. It has a light on
the bottom and a light at one end, giving a sealed beam like a car
headlight.
"The victims were Abel Boro, who died on October 17, 1981, while
hunting with Ribamar Ferreira; Raimundo Souza, who died on October
19, 1981, while hunting with Anastacio Barbosa; Jose Vitorio and
Dionizio General, who died on an undetermined date, the latter
three days after the UFO encounter; and a man named Ramon, who
lived in Parnarama.
"Muldoon and Richman quoted the mayor of Parnarama as confirming
the cases, and the chief of police, Geraldo dos Santos Magela, as
stating that he had examined two of the bodies, finding that the
blood had been sucked from them."
Not the kind of information that either the "New Age" crowd or
the "Nuts and Bolts " bunch may want to hear, but this book should
be on the must read list of any serious UFO researcher or devotee.
However, there still are a couple of "caveat emptors." I totally
disagree with Vallee on his conclusion with reference to the
abduction question, as many undoubtedly will. The evidence is
overwhelming that this mystery has affected possibly thousands of
individuals, in a manner that far exceeds any possible psychosis.
Vallee does not acknowledge the overwhelming physical evidence or
the wide range of various "victims " which encompasses all
different social, economic, and ethnic groupings. The enigma is
real, Jacques, and the clock may be ticking. Another area dismissed
is the idea that what we MAY be dealing with is an extraterrestrial
phenomenon. Even with all the information developed in connection
with the alleged Roswell case and the testimony from over a hundred
witnesses, not one word is mentioned by Vallee. The evidence from
this case is persuasive that POSSIBLY hardware from off world
visited here in 1947. Could it be that this information makes the
author very uncomfortable, since his stand is very anti-ET? Neither
this magazine nor this writer is stating that the hypothesis of ET
coming for a visit is the only explanation. There are many theories
of what may be occurring. But Vallee may miss the boat if he closes
his mind to this possibility. One thing to remember about this
work is the extensive travels and research the author carried out.
Vallee's research skills and scholarship have been sorely missed in
the ufological community; I for one am glad to see him back in the
active research arena. I think that this account will end up as
a yardstick to judge future efforts. Confrontations is a book that
will open your eyes to what a truly mysterious world the UFO
inhabits, no matter where you stand.
-Don Ecker-
PS Vallee replied to the above, his reply follows.
--- ZMailQ 1.10 @9:1012/3.0
* Origin: ParaNet Alpha Delta The Data Base (9:1012/3)
Message #2773 - ASK_UFO
Date : 18-Apr-91 10:44
From : Don Ecker
To : All
Subject : Vallee responds
This file was provided to the ParaNet Information Service by
UFO Magazine. All rights are reserved. You may distribute this file
freely as long as this header remains intact.
Date prepared: 4/18/91
Contributed by: Staff UFO Magazine
=================================================================
UFO Magazine Vol. 5 No. 4 (Coping with ABDUCTION)
In our last issue, writer Don Ecker reviewed the new
book by scientist and UFO researcher Jacques Vallee,
Confrontations. Vallee took exception to some facets of
the review. Because of its length, we are running his
response as a Forum article.
******************************************
THE REALITY OF ABDUCTION
by Jacques Vallee
The review of Confrontations (Vol. 5, No. 3) calls for a response
and a few comments.
On the topic of abductions, Don states that "the evidence is
overwhelming that this mystery has affected possibly thousands of
individuals in a manner that far exceeds any possible psychosis."
I totally agree with that statement. Where did I ever say that
abductees were victims of psychosis?
On the contrary, Confrontations gives several examples of
abduction cases that I have personally researched: the episode with
Mrs. Victor in Chapter 6 fits a classic pattern, I have said that,
in such reports, "I cannot agree with Philip Klass'conclusion that
the witness is making up the whole episode. The abduction
experience is real." Why is there such confusion, then, about my
position on this issue? Simply because I do not believe that
everything retrieved under hypnosis should be taken at face value.
I have stated (and will continue to state) that much of what
passes for abduction research today is unscientific, unethical
garbage that reeks of standard cult recruitment techniques. My
appeals to more caution have infuriated some abduction researchers,
who have made up the story that "Vallee rejects all abduction
cases." Nothing could be further from the truth. Not only do I
accept these cases, but I believe their evidence is much too
important to be treated in the superficial way evidenced in the
work of many "abductionists." I refer the reader to the ten-page
discussion of the issue in Confrontations, starting on page 170.
On the extraterrestrial origin of UFOs, my position is clear, too.
If the witnesses are telling the truth about the behavior of the
phenomenon, then it could be from anywhere at anytime. This
naturally includes other planets in outer space, and I have not
rejected this hypothesis; I only think it is insufficient. And
there are many other, possibly more promising hypotheses that have
not been seriously considered.
How could I "close my mind" to the possibility of
extraterrestrial intervention? It is an hypothesis I defended
vigorously 25 years ago. But we cannot be dogmatic in front of the
data that has been accumulating during that period, much of which
now contradicts the first level ETH (extraterrestrial hypothesis)
to which most of American ufology is still clinging. It is time to
open our minds to other possibilities.
Don rightly notices that I have not treated the issue of
"saucer crashes," notably Roswell, in Confrontations. This may seem
to be an important omission, but it was the result of a conscious
decision, which was clearly disclosed at the very beginning. In the
introduction, I took pains to state that I regarded three impor-
tant topics to lie outside the scope of the book. They were the
possible relevance of cult movements to the UFO phenomenon, cattle
mutilations and government intervention and "cover-up." There is
much to say, as everyone knows, about all three subjects, but a
scientist learns to focus on a single issue at a time. The
central theme in Confrontations was field research methodology and
physical evidence. I may develop the other topics in a future work,
and the Roswell crash (and other crashes) will then be treated
under the rubric of "Government intervention and cover-up " where
it rightly belongs.
In the meantime I did describe in great detail the analysis of
physical samples reported to have come from UFOs, several of which
I have in my possession and can supply to colleagues who would like
to analyze them. I cannot make the same statement about the Roswell
material, and I do not know anyone who can. It would have been
inappropriate to mention Roswell in a book on the analysis of UFO
evidence, no matter how many people have become fascinated with
this particular story, because there is no Roswell material
available to be analyzed. Again it is a case of individual readers
projecting their own expectations into a very complicated topic,
and expressing their frustration when conclusions are presented
which differ from their own. There is very little I can do, as a
scientist, to alleviate this problem. But I am grateful to Don
Ecker for having set the framework for a useful and timely
debate.
-Jacques Vallee-
=================================================================
--- ZMailQ 1.10 @9:1012/3.0
* Origin: ParaNet Alpha Delta The Data Base (9:1012/3)
---EOF ---
--
-* Don Allen *- InterNet: dona@bilver.UUCP // Amiga..for the rest of us.
USnail: 1818G Landing Dr, Sanford Fl 32771 \X/ Why use anything else? :^)
UUCP: ..uunet!tarpit!bilver!vicstoy!dona 0110 0110 0110 Just say NO!
Illuminati < MJ-12|Grudge|TLC|CFR|FED|EEC|Bush > WAR = "New World Order"
Article 4387 of alt.conspiracy:
Path: lassie!voder!apple!usc!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu!linac!att!att!fang!tarpit!bilver!dona
From: dona@bilver.uucp (Don Allen)
Newsgroups: alt.alien.visitors,alt.conspiracy,misc.misc
Subject: INFO: Still *more* data on Belgium Sightings - Antonio Huneeus
Keywords: Followups to alt.alien.visitors
Message-ID: <1991Apr29.204652.14186@bilver.uucp>
Date: 29 Apr 91 20:46:52 GMT
Organization: W. J. Vermillion - Winter Park, FL
Lines: 375
Xref: lassie alt.conspiracy:4387 misc.misc:9567
Here's some recent info written by Antonio Huneeus on the rash
of sightings not long ago in Belgium. This came off the ParaNet
UFO echo.
------Begin Included Text ---------------------------------------
Message #2144 - INFO.PARANET
Date : 17-Apr-91 18:13
From : ParaNet(sm) Information Service
To : All
Subject : Belgium Information
This file was provided by ParaNet(sm) Information Service
and its network of international affiliates.
You may freely distribute this file as long as this header
remains intact.
Date Prepared: April 17, 1991
Contributed by: Antonio Huneeus
============================================================
For further information on ParaNet(sm), contact:
Michael Corbin
ParaNet Information Service
P.O. Box 172
Wheatridge, CO 80034-0172
or
FidoNet 1:104/422
Internet mcorbin@scicom.alphacdc.com
===========================================================
Article as it appeared in UFO Universe, June/July 1991.
BREAKING DOWN "THE WALL" OF UFO SILENCE
FOR THE LAST SIX MONTHS, ALMOST THE ENTIRE EUROPEAN CONTINENT HAS
BEEN PLAGUED BY A WAVE OF UFO SIGHTINGS UNSURPASSED IN HISTORY,
PERHAPS MOST PUZZLING HAVE BEEN THOSE OF A GIGANTIC "FLYING
PLATFORM" SIGHTED NEAR THE GERMAN BORDER IN BELGIUM.
By Antonio Huneeus
(c) 1991 by A. Huneeus. All Rights Reserved Reprinted with
permission to ParaNet(sm) Information Service No further
reproduction is allowed without written permission from the
author.
In a totally unprecedented move in the history of ufology, the
Belgian Air Force and government has not only carefully
documented the great UFO wave over Wallonia, but shared its
results with civilian investigators and the public, in effect
literally breaking down "The Wall" of UFO Silence that still
stands in the western world.
* * *
For the past year, citizens in the French-speaking region of
Wallonia in Belgium have experienced an extraordinary UFO wave.
Thousands of witnesses, including dozens of gendarmes (national
police) and officers of the Belgian Air Force, have described
triangular-shaped vehicles flying slowly over rooftops, hovering,
shooting searchlights and performing incredible maneuvers. The
objects have been captured on some 25 videotapes and tracked on
both ground and airborne radar by the military.
Few, if any, will doubt that the triangular UFOs have been seen
all over Wallonia since November of 1989. According to a front
page story in The Wall Street Journal published on October 10,
1990 and entitled "Belgium Scientists Seriously Pursue A
Triangular UFO," "since the rash of sightings here began almost a
year ago, more than ]2,600 have been reported of a triangular
object with three huge lights hovering in the night sky over
Wallonia." The question that some are asking is whether these
objects could be explained by the testing of a new top secret
military aircraft. Remotely Piloted Vehicles (RPVs), AWACS, the
F-117 Stealth Fighter, and a modified version of the B-2 Stealth
Bomber, are some of the options that have been suggested.
Besides the large amount of well documented data gathered by
the Gendarmerie, the Air Force and civilian scientists from the
Belgian Society for the Study of Space Phenomena (SOBEPS), the
Belgian Map has broken another record. For the first time ever in
the controversial history of UFOs anywhere in the world, the
Belgian Minister of Defense, Guy Coeme, has authorized the Air
Force to fully cooperate with SOBEPS, forwarding their reports,
and even putting at their disposal a Hawker Sideley aircraft
equipped with infrared cameras and sophisticated electronic
sensors.
As the well known French physicist, Jean Pierre Petit, explained
to Paris Match magazine, "we are living in a time that is the
beginning of a period of openness. First the Berlin Wall
crumbled, now the wall of silence about UFOs is falling.
Concerning the UFOs, we are entering a phase completely different
from the earlier ones. It is the end of commercialism and fakery.
The true scientists are finally making their appearance." Dr.
Petit is a senior physicist and director of research with the
National Center for Scientific Research of France. An iconoclast
and a world class expert on magnetohydrodynamcs (MHD), Dr. Petit
has also conducted some rather interesting UFO research of his
own, publishing recently his results in the book, INVESTIGATION
OF UFOS.
Unlike many other UFO groups around the world, the SOBEPS
has a team of respected scientists, including Leon Brenig, a
nonlinear dynamics theorist at the Free University in Brussels,
and Professor August Meessen, a physicist from the Catholic
University at Louvain. Among the numerous UFO witnesses, in fact,
were Lucien Clerebaut, Secretary General of SOBEPS, Patrick
Ferryn, a film producer and founding member, and Jose Fernandez,
another SOBEPS investigator. "Here is an opportunity where we can
apply the scientific method," remarked Professor Brenig.
SOBEPS files show that the first sightings occurred on the
night of November 7, 1989, when two gendarmes from Esneux
observed a silent huge craft "with two very powerful white lights
directed downwards and 'a sort of green and red garland.'" The
flap, however, gained momentum and notoriety on the evening of
November 29 when 41 witnesses, including six gendarmes, observed
the huge triangle - sometimes referred as "a stationary platform
" - in Eupen, Verviers, and several other locations in Wallonia
near the border with Germany. As the press speculated with AWACS
and Stealth aircraft on the following days, the Defense Minister
Guy Coeme dismissed these rumors, stating that "all hypotheses
involving the presence of military aircraft in our air space are
definitely to be ruled out. "
It is perhaps because the objects are so far unidentified, that
the Belgian Air Force has undertaken the task of chasing and
investigating the intruders. As Col. Wilfried de Brouwer, the
Chief of Operations of the Belgian Air Force who is coordinating
the UFO investigation, told The Wall Street Journal, "Our
approach is that it's our job to see what's going on." Indeed,
the UFO flap climaxed on the night of March 30-31 of 1990, when
unknown targets were tracked by two radar installations. The one
at Glons, located southeast of Brussels, belongs to the NATO
defense group - NATO Headquarters is in Brussels - while that at
Semmerzake, west of Brussels, is in charge of controlling all
military and civilian traffic in the entire Belgian territory. At
that point, the master-controller at Glons ordered the scramble
of two F-16 interceptors, which also locked the UFO on their
onboard radars.
We have obtained, courtesy of French researcher Jean-Luc
Rivera, a copy of the complete report of this incident, which was
prepared by Air Force Major P. Lambrechts, from the Air Force
General Staff in Brussels, and which was forwarded to the SOBEPS
following the instructions of full cooperation with that group.
The "Report Concerning the Observation of UFOs During the Night
of March 30 to 31, 1990," includes a full chronology of the
events, as well as a thick dossier of enclosures with eyewitness'
descriptions from several gendarmes and maps of where the
sightings took place.
Major P. Lambrechts explains at the inception that, "the
observations both visual and by radar were of such nature, that
it was decided to order the scramble of two F-16 aircraft with
the goal of identifying these UFOs." The report also indicates
that "the presence or testing of B2 or F117 (Stealth Bomber),
RPVs (Remotely Piloted Vehicles), ULMs (Ultra Light Motorized)
and AWACS at the moment of these events in the Belgian airspace,
can be excluded. "
According to the Chronology, the Sequence of events began at
22.50 hours, when the "master controller at Glons " received a
telephone call from gendarme Renquin, who reported he was seeing
from his house in Ramillies, "three unusual lights. . . forming
an equilateral triangle, and with changing colors of red, green
and yellow." At 23.05, the Gendarmerie at Wavre sent a patrol,
which confirmed the observation. At 23.15, Renquin called again
to inform that he was seeing a new set of three lights, while the
radar screens at Glons detected " an unidentified contact moving
at a speed of around 25 knots." (A knot is equivalent to one
nautical mile - 6,080 feet - per hour. )
For the next two and a half hours, an increasing number of
gendarmes and other witnesses continued to observe the strange
maneuvers of up to three sets of triangular lights in the
outskirts of Brussels. By 23.49 hours, the radar screens at
Semmerzake confirmed the targets and the order to scramble two F-
16s was given at 23.56 hours, taking off at 00.05 on March 31.
According to the report, "the aircraft had brief radar contacts
on several occasions." However, each time that "the pilots were
able to secure a lock on one of the targets for a few seconds,
this resulted each time in a drastic change in the behavior of
the UFOs."
During the first lock on at 00.13, continues the report, "the
speed of the target changed in a minimum of time from 150 to 970
knots and from 9,000 to 5,000 feet, returning then to 11,000
feet, in order to change again to close to ground level; this
resulted in a 'break lock' in a few seconds and the pilots lost
the radar contact." In another lock on at 00.30 hours, the "break
lock" was achieved by what the report calls "a jamming signal on
the screen."
Col. de Brouwer explained to Paris Match reporter Marie-Therese
de Brosses, that the change of velocity from 280 KPM to 1,800 KPH
while descending from 3,000 meters to 1,000 meters in one second,
was a fantastic acceleration equivalent to 40 Gs. This would
exclude any human pilot onboard the UFO, since humans can only
withstand 8 Gs. (A "G " is a unit of acceleration equivalent to
the gravitational pull of the earth, 9.81 m/sec/sec.) When the
UFO approached the ground level, continued Col. de Brouwer, "it
was out of the question for the F-16 to catch up with the object
at this low altitude, where the density of the air limits the
speed to 1,300 KMP. Above that speed, the temperature in the
compressors of the jet turbines would cause the engines to burst.
There was a logic behind the motions of the object," added the
Colonel.
In any case, the cat and mouse game went on until shortly after 1
am, when the F-16s were ordered to return to their base. On the
ground, however, Captain Pinson and other gendarmes continued to
observe "four white luminous spots forming a square" until around
1.30, when "the four UFOs lost their luminosity and seemed to
disappear in four different directions." Significantly, the
weather conditions on that night were very clear, allowing ground
witnesses to observe the objects in detail, as well as the
pursuit by the F-16s. The pilots, however, did not observe the
objects visually.
Major Lambrechts finally excludes a number of alternative
hypotheses for the UFOs, such as "optical illusions, confusion
with planets or other meteorological phenomena... weather
balloons. . . or meteorological inversions. . . holographic
projections," etc. More importantly, he writes that "the speeds
measured at he moment of the change of altitudes, exclude the
hypothesis that the UFOs observed could be confused with
aircraft. " Still more puzzling was the fact that, "despite that
on several occasions high speeds above the speed of the sound
barrier were measured, the shock wave was never observed. Here,
no explanation can be given." The French physicist Jean Pierre
Petit concurred: "In reality," he told Paris Match, "there is no
machine made by man, either an airplane or a missile, that is
capable of such performance. Specifically, flying at the speed of
sound without making a sonic boom."
Although the Belgian military authorities have insisted that
the UFOs in Wallonia are no secret aircraft, the similarities
between the triangular craft seen in Belgium with the boomerang-
shaped objects reported throughout the last decade in the Hudson
Valley in New York and Western Connecticut, as well as other
triangular UFOs observed in Wytheville, Virginia, Fyffe, Alabama,
and Puerto Rico, among other places, have led some researchers to
suggest that the technology behind all these observations is
terrestrial and not extraterrestrial.
The similarity between the Belgian and Hudson Valley flaps was
noted by SOBEPS investigator Patrick Ferryn. Commenting on the
book Night Siege by the late Dr. Allen Hynek, investigator
Phillip Imbrogno and reporter Bob Pratt, which documented the
Hudson Valley cases, Ferryn wrote that "changing only a few
words, exactly the same could be written to give an account of
the position of affairs here! [in Belgium] The same goes for many
entire pages and excerpts elsewhere in the book."
While nobody doubts that people have been seeing something in
both upstate New York and Wallonia in Belgium, the big question
is whether these sightings are caused by true UFOs or by some
kind of new revolutionary secret military aircraft. Foremost
among the proponents of the secret weapon theory is Tony
Gonsalves, a researcher from East Providence, Rhode Island, who
served as a jet mechanic and plane captain for the U.S. Navy on
three aircraft carriers between 1959 and 1963.
In a number of papers written during the last two years,
Gonsalves has developed his theory of "The American made UFO" -
that the boomerangs of Westchester and Duchess counties, as well
as the triangular UFOs of Belgium, Virginia and Puerto Rico, are
actually a modified covert version of the B-2 Stealth Bomber.
Gonsalves believes this craft has been fully operational since
the early 80s, while the official B-2 bomber that was unveiled in
1988 is a "decoy" to deceive the American public, the media and
the Congress. Furthermore, Tony Gonsalves and a few other
ufologists speculate that this secret aircraft may even
incorporate some alien technology obtained from UFO crashes
decades ago.
Gonsalves' theory seemed to gain some credibility when Aviation
Week & Space Technology magazine reported in its October 1, 1990
edition that, "large, triangular wing-Shaped aircraft" are indeed
being tested out of the Nellis Air Force range in Nevada and the
Tehachapi Mountains near Edwards AFB in California. The well
known aerospace magazine mentioned several sightings by engineers
of "triangular-shaped aircraft, " possibly prototypes for the A-
12, the Navy's new Stealth attack plane, and one or several
versions for reconnaissance aircraft cloaked under the top secret
code of Aurora, to replace the old Lockheed SR-71 "Blackbird"
which was recently mothballed. Aviation Week (sometimes referred
by the nickname of "Aviation Leak") also quoted Air Force sources
who "acknowledged that diamond and triangular-shaped vehicles are
'the trend now,'" as well as unconfirmed reports that some of
these aircraft "were designed to operate at speeds around Mach 10
or higher."
Because he worked for over 30 years as senior editor of
Aviation Week, where he is still a contributing editor, we sought
the opinion of well known UFO debunker Phillip Klass as to
whether there could be any validity to explain the Hudson Valley
and Belgian flaps with Secret military aircraft, Stealth or
otherwise. "In my opinion the answer is absolutely not,"
responded Klass, adding that only those sightings "in the
vicinity of Nellis Air Force Base" in Nevada could be caused by
military aircraft tests. "If there were a secret airplane, "
continued Klass, "for goodness' sake, the last place in the world
you'd want to fly it is in Duchess County, where people have been
alerted to look for objects."
Although they certainly disagree on the final cause of the
sightings, Klass and Phillip Imbrogno seem to be in full
agreement in their rejection of Tony Gonsalves' Stealth theory.
"l can't see the government testing a top secret device in an
area like this, " said Imbrogno. "Number one, what if they have a
problem, what if they crash?" Imbrogno said he had considered
this possibility when he first looked into the boomerang
sightings, but that "I am convinced right now that the Hudson
Valley UFO is not an aircraft, Stealth or otherwise. Number two,
I am not totally convinced that it's from outerspace. Number
three, I don't know what the hell it is."
Meanwhile, sightings continue to pile up in Europe. The latest
case before we go to press was reported in early November, when
"mystery shapes in the sky, variously described as orange balls,
triangles and points of light," were reported in France, Belgium,
Germany, Switzerland and Italy, according to a newswire report
from the Reuter's news agency. Police phone lines were flooded
across the continent with calls about unidentified flying
objects. Experts in Munich speculated the sightings could have
been triggered by the explosion of a meteorite. However, this
explanation could hardly satisfy the familiar sightings in
Belgium, where "dozens of people reported a triangular object
with three lights flying slowly and soundlessly to the
southwest," according to the Reuter report.
The Belgian Air Force was studying once again the case, and so
was France's Service for the Investigation of Re-entry Phenomena
(SEPRA), which is attached to the French National Space Agency in
Toulouse and was formerly known as GEPAN. One Air France pilot
told a radio interviewer: "We were on a flight to Barcelona
(Spain) at about 33,000 feet at about 7 pm when we first saw the
shape. It couldn't have been a satellite because it was there for
three or four minutes."
If the sightings in Belgium and elsewhere turn out to be secret
aircraft, the mystery will become pubic sooner or later, but if
they are indeed caused by true UFOs, then we may be debating them
for a long time to come. Perhaps a summary of the whole Belgian
flap and its meaning was best expressed by SOBEPS Scientist
August Meessen, Professor of Physics at the Catholic University
at Louvain. He told the French magazine Paris Match: "There are
too many independent eyewitness reports to ignore. Too many of
the reports describe coherent physical effects, and there is an
agreement among the accounts concerning what was observed. If all
of these witnesses are lying, then it is a mental disease of such
novelty and proportions that it must be studied."
"But of course," continued Prof. Meessen, "there are also
physical effects. The Air Force report allows us to approach the
problem in a rational and scientific way. The simplest hypothesis
is that the reports are caused by extraterrestrial visitors, but
that hypothesis carries with it other problems. We are not in a
rush to form a conclusion, but continue to study the mystery."
The last word about the UFO flap that has brought down "The Wall"
of UFO Silence has yet to be uttered.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR Chilean-American journalist Antonio Huneeus
was born in New York in 1950, the son of a Chilean diplomat and
United States official. After studying French at the Sarbonne
University in Paris in 1970 and journalism at the University of
Chile, he worked as science editor for a weekly magazine in
Santiago and was a contributor for a number of newspapers.
Huneeus' UFO investigation began in 1977 with the bizarre "time
warp" incident of Chilean Army Corporal Armando Valdes. Since
then, he has written hundreds of articles on UFOs and related
subjects for such publications as Omni, UFO Report, and the MUFON
JOURNAL in the U.S., as well as for magazines throughout South
America and Europe. Last year he won the UFOlogists of the Year
Award given by the National UFO Conference. The photographs and
art that accompany this article are part of Antonio's UFO
CHRONICLE lecture and slide presentation. Readers may reach the
author directly at Box 1989, New York, NY 10159.
END
PARANET FILE NAME: BELGIUM1.UFO
--EOF ----------------------------------------------------------
--
*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*
The accountability of government has gone to the point where the very
use of the law is the instrument of illegality.
-- Ralph Nader @ Harvard Law School, 1/15/92
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